Door for bulk-heads or compartments of ships



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet. 1. F. W. GROSS.

DOOR FOR BULKHEADS 0R COMPARTMENTS 0F SHIPS. 549,843.

Patented Nov. 12, 1-895.

' afto'www mammal.

' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. F..W. GROSS, DOOR FOR BULKHBADS 0R GOMPARTMENTS 0FSHIPS.

v Patented NOY. 12, 1 895."-

- sents a detached view of the hinge.

U ITED STATES PATENT OE IcE.

FRANK lV. CROSS, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOSEPHSOHLADT, OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

DOOR FOR BULK-HEADS OR CO'MPARTMENTS OF SHIPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 549,843, dated November12, 1895. Application fil d November 7, 1892. Renewed A rfl 10, 1895.Serial No. 545,151. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK W. CROSS, a citi- Zen of the United States,residing at Baltimore, State of Maryland, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Doors for Bulk-Heads or Compartmentsof Ships; andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which ,it appertainsto make and use the same. 7

This invention relates to improvements in adjustable water-tight doorsfor the bulk heads of ships; and it has for its object to so constructthe door and the closing and fastening devices that the same maybeapplied to the bulk-head without cutting or defacing the framingthereof, provide for securing the water-tight packing which closes thejoint between the door and the opening at the bulkhead in such mannerthat an effective closure may be made with less clamping pressum andwith less wear upon the packing than heretofore, and also to providesimple and efiective clamping mechanism for fastening the doors to theedges of the bulk-head openings, and, further, to provide for lockingthe clamping-dogs positively when the door is open and holding them inposition to fall properly into place when the door is closed, as morefully hereinafter described.

The above-mentioned objects I attain by the means illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 represents a plan view of aportion of a bulk-head door, showing my invention. Fig. 2 represents aView, partly in section and partly in elevation, of a portion of thedoor and one of the hinges, showing the means of adjusting the same.Fig. 3 repre- Fig. 4: represents a portion of the door and a sectionalview of the end of one of the clampingdogs and a spring-detent by'whichit is held when the door is open. Fig. 5 represents an elevation of saiddog and detent, taken at right angles to the view shown in Fig. 4. Fig.6 represents a side elevation of a portion of the bulk-head, a cam-platesecured thereto, and the clamping-do g bearing against said cam-plate.Fig. 7 represents an elevation of a portion of a bulk-head and door,showing one of the clamping-dogs and the cam plate against which one endthereof bears to tighten the'door; and Fig. 8 represents a View, partlyin elevation and partly in longitudinal vertical section, of a portionof the door and the clamping devices.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 indicates a portion of one ofthe bulk-heads of a ship, around the opening of which extends a metallicframe having a flange 2, which is attached to the bulk-head, and aflange 3, at right angles thereto, against which the packing of the dooris broughtto bear to secure a water-tight joint when the door is closedand clamped.

The numeral a indicates the door, which is' preferably constructed ofmetal, as usual, and

which has secured to it by bolts or rivets 5 or otherwise the members 6of the hinges upon which it swings, the other members 8 of which arefastened to the bulk-head in any suitable manner. The members 8 are eachprovided with a lug 9, which has an elongated opening through it, andthe members 6 are bifurcated at one end, so as to straddle said lugs,and provided with pintles 10, Figs. 2 and 3, which pass through theelongated opening and serve to connect the two members of the hinge. Thepintles are headed at one end and at the other are slotted, and throughthe slots are passed the usual split pins 11 to confine them in place.Through suitable screw-threaded openings in the lugs 9 are passedexternallythreaded pins 12, which bear against the pintle and which maybe adjustably set in or out to adjust the hinges, so as to give thepacking around. the door (to be hereinafter described) a square bearingagainst the angular flange 3 of the frame surrounding the opening of thebulkhead. At suitable points around the edges the door is provided withclamping devices. (Shown in detail, particularly in the view representedin Fig. 8 of the drawings.)

7 Referring to Fig. 8, the numeral 14 inclicates an externally-threadedsleeve, which passes through an internally-tapped aperture in the doorand which is provided with lock IOO or binding-nuts 15, which bearagainst the door and serve to hold the sleeve against turning when in aproperly-adjusted position. Through the sleeve extends a bolt 16, whichfits snugly but is adapted to turn freely therein. At suitable pointsthe bolt is annularly grooved, as indicated by the numeral 17, and thegrooves are fitted with packing rings of leather or other suitablematerial to make water-tight joints between the inside of the sleeve andthe bolt. The ends of the bolt project beyond the sleeve at each end,and on the outer end is secured, by means of a setserew, feather, orotherwise, one end of alever 18, which sets above a shoulder 19 on thebolt, the shoulder bearing against the flanged outer end of the sleevebefore mentioned. The inner end of the bolt passes through an openin gnear one end of a dog 20, which is confined thereonby means of a nut 2l,which fits upon the inner .end of the bolt, the same beingscrew-threaded for the purpose.

The door near its edge is provided with a channel-iron or frame 22,which is provided with an outwardly-flaring continuous recess, in whichis cemented or otherwise secured the packing .23, of rubber or othermaterial. The said packing consists of a continuous piece of materialrectangular in cross-section and of such width as not to; entirely fillthe recess in the channel-iron,-so thatwhen compressed, when the door isclosed, against the flange of the angle-frame around the bulkheadopening it will readily expand and bear tightly against said flange.

011 one side of the blllk-rhOfld, at suitable points corresponding tothe position of the dogs 20, are located cam-plates 2i, against which.the short arms of the dogs may be brought to bear to draw the doorinwardly and press the packing against the flange 3 to make awater-tight joint.

To the one surface of the door, in a suitable position, is secured aseries of fastening devices 25, (shown inidetail in Figs. .4 and 5 ofthe drawings,) which consistof a movable bolt set in a chamber in thedevice and-pressed normally outward by a spring 26. The outer end ofsaid bolt is recessed, so as to engage the end of the dog 20 when thedooris opened, and hold it in position until. the door is closed.

It will be observed that in the present invention the clamping devicesare on the door instead of on the bulk-head framing, which permits saiddevices to be more conveniently applied and renders it unnecessary tocut or otherwise deface the said framing to apply them.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The door being properlyhung upon the hinges, the parts are adjusted so that the packing willbear uniformly upon the flange 3 at all points. \Vhen closed, thepressure is put upon the door by turning the dogs so as to engage thecanrpla tes, distcndingthe packing, so as to fill the groove in thechannel-iron and make a perfectly water-tight joint.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with the door and the flanged frame secured to thebulkhead, of the channel iron having a flaring groove, and packingsecured therein, and mechanism for clamping the door to the bulkhead,substantially as specified, whereby the packin is allowed to expand whencompressed.

2. The combination with the bulkhead framing, provided with a flangedframe surrounding the opening, of an adjustable hinged door havingadjustable fastening devices, and a channel iron and packing, the saidchannel iron being formed with an outwardly flaring groove, whereby thepacking is allowed to ex pand when compressed, substantially as and forthe purpose specified.

The combination with bulkhead door and framing, of an adjustablethreaded sleeve extending through a threaded aperture in the door, thean nul arly grooved bolt and packing,

the lever secured to one end of the bolt, and

the dog secured to the other, the am plate secured to the framing, thechannel iron and packing, and the flanged f rame against which thepacking bears whenthe door is closed, substantially specified.

a. The combination with the pivoted dogs, of the spring fasteningdevices secured to the door and adapted to en gage and hold the dogswhen'the door is open, substantially as specified.

5. The combination with the door and its adjustable hinges, of thefastening devices, consisting of an externally threaded sleevepassing-through the door, the bolt passing through the sleeve andprovided with a lever at one end and a dog atthe other, the latter beingadapted to engage a cam plate on the bulk-head framing to clamp the doorand its packing to its seat, substantially as specified.

(i. A locking dog forbulkhead doors pivoted upon a bolt adjustablelaterally withrelation to the door substantially as shown and dc scribedwhereby the dog may be adjusted to or from the face of said door.

7. The combination with a bulkhead door, of an adjustable threadedsleeve extending through a threaded aperture in said door, a boltextending through the sleeve and having secured to one end a locking dogsubstantially as shown and described, whereby the dog may be adjusted toor from the face of the door.

In testimonywhereof I affix my signz'ii'ure in presence of twowiti'lesses.

FRANK W. CROSS. Witnesses:

G. W Muscmvn, WM. H. II. RALEIGH.

